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jeudi 21 août 2014

cape verde

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Cape Verde

Flag of Cape Verde


President: Jorge Carlos Fonseca (2011)
Prime Minister: José Maria Neves (2001)
Total area: 1,556 sq mi (4,030 sq km)
Population (2012 est.): 523,568 (growth rate: 1.43%); birth rate: 21.21/1000; infant mortality rate: 26.02/1000; life expectancy: 71; density per sq km: 105
Other large city: Mindelo, 66,100
Monetary unit: Cape Verdean escudo

and these are some beautiful pictures :









Posted By Unknown08:55

General information's abut United Stats of America

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General Information and identifiable from the United States of America

General information's abut United Stats of America


Official flag





National Peace United States of America

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i426pbQJZ_g





Location United States of America on the map








United States is the fourth largest country in the world after Russia, Canada and China.

Consisting of 48 states connected to each other geographically, located in the middle section of North America,

In addition to the states of Alaska and Hawaii. The total 50 states ...



Map of the United States States Home ..







Area: 9628382 square kilometers.



Map of the United States States and major state capitals ..






Map of the United States States and major metropolitan months ..




Capital: Washington, DC 



Currency: USD (USD) $


It is made up of Coins 1 $, 1c, 5c, 10c, 20c, 50c

The paper currency $ 1 $ 0.5 $ 0.10 $ 0.20 $ 0.50 $ 0.100

This site for the currency converter for USD $ XE.com - Universal Currency Converter










Time difference: -5 to -10 (UTC)

This site shows the difference between regions Altoaqat American with the timing of UTC Britain ...

current dates and times in u.s. states map





Compared spaces: the United States is equal ...

* Almost half the size of Russia,
* Three-tenths of an area of ​​Africa,
* Half the size of South America
* Twice and half the size of Western Europe, which is slightly smaller than the area of ​​China.




Border /

- 48 mandate: Canada to the north; Atlantic Ocean to the east, Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico to the south
And the Pacific Ocean to the west.

- Alaska: Arctic Ocean to the north; Canada to the east; Pacific Ocean to the south; and the Arctic Ocean and the Chukchi Sea and the Sea and the Bering Strait to the west.

- Hawaii: Pacific




American Indians lived in the American continent 10,000 years ago,
Be the cultures and many peoples, peasants or fishermen by the place in which they lived.

Columbus arrived to the Bahama Islands. It was not the first man to reach America is not the first reached by Mahitalotalsa,
He arrived to the beach before Viking Canada at least.

But he was the first to establish permanent links between America and other continents, thousands of Europeans followed him, soldiers, merchants, bishops and lay persons,
Even change the shape of the whole continent as helped diseases in triumph on the indigenous population,
It was not a Native American of any immunity against diseases and Europe numerous weapons.


In the sixteenth century did not colonize any of the European countries, North America dramatically,
But there he traveled to fishermen for fishing only and is not habitable,

However, in Florida, Vkdoss some Spaniards after the zodiac in 1513.
And some have tried to Aossoa new cities in North America, but the first was the British succeeded in establishing residence
On the shore of the current state of Virginia in 1607, and was named "Jamestown."

In South and Central America Spaniards discovered huge amounts of gold, and the news spread all over Europe.
Most of the settlers in Jamestown expecting the same thing and took searching for gold throughout the day and stopped any other business ...

They did not find gold, but in 1612 they found the cultivation of tobacco, a plant was originally an American Indian Americans Adkhnoha
Since centuries, but smoking has spread rapidly in Europe, and has achieved significant profits by traders. But tobacco growing need
Manpower to many, and the number of colonists few, started to import workers and then black slaves,
Like what he did Mmeltsmoa Caribbean Sea.


The land was wide and in the Virginia tobacco cultivation need to be a large area, the colonists Stay away from each other,
And one may dwell with his servants or servants miles away from his neighbor. Most of them did not care about religion,
For these reasons did not coherent society only slightly. In the second dwelling in North America, a New England was quite the opposite.

In the sixteenth century there were major problems in England between the militants and the rest of the categories,
Puritans wanted to change state law to prevent all Mikhalv religion,
It is a Catholic from the government. They were also against the king, first because it was not tough, and secondly because they were considered all believers
Christians are equal before God.

And lost at the end of the English Civil War, he decided to apply some of their law religious in the country far away,
They went to America. Gone were the first of a range of "pilgrims" (Pilgrims) and arrived
The state of Massachusetts in 1620 and built the village "Plymouth."
Food did not last them that they took with them, but Vashoa helped American Indians, and in the autumn and Jduahsadehm great,
They built a feast with the Indians Americans did to thank God for the harvest, and this was the origin of the feast the American Thanksgiving holiday (Thanksgiving) and the meaning of Thanksgiving.


Adhered to the English government the right to impose taxes on the colonies in order to increase the income of the Treasury,
The most important of these taxes: tax sugar and stamp tax (stamp), because Americans believe that they were not obliged to b
Payment of any tax did not participate in the approval by the elected councils.

In 1765 the British Parliament passed the Stamp Act and the imposition of taxes
Which is required to purchase stamps colonies to be a tax on publications.

He has a painters in the colonies draw a skull and crossbones symbol of death to the right, an expression
Protest the law. These changes sparked angry reactions among the colonists who opposed it
Strongly and shouted the slogan "taxation without representation is tyranny."

Did not continue reconciliation between the Americans and the British have a long new laws were passed to British provoke anger and resentment
The Americans to the point that Britain sent troops to both Boston and New York, where some were killed
Citizens in what was called the Boston Massacre, which responded by protesting Americans known as the "Boston Tea Party".
Faqpt Britain rebels shut down the port of Boston and increase the authority of the British Governor and forcing colonists to
Sheltering and feeding the British. Council reported the formation of the continental colonists first in Philadelphia, which includes 13
Colony, which forced Britain to withdraw its coercive laws.

In July 1776 AD Council announced fourth continental
Independence from the British component of the United States and continued after the war raging between America
Britain and even defeated the Americans in 1781 at the Battle of Yorktown, Virginia.
Then the two parties signed the Treaty of Versailles in 1783 and was tantamount to a declaration by the end of the American Revolution.

In 1787, delegates from all occurred States
Nations Convention on the country's constitution, which was ratified in 1788.

In 1803, the United States purchased the Louisiana province of France,
Provincial Louisiana French were much larger than the state of Louisiana current,
Land purchased includes all or parts of the Land of the following states:

Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, New Mexico, Texas,
Oklahoma, Kansas, Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado.

The agreement was signed on April 30, 1803 and was approved in the United States on October 20 of the same year.

When the transaction is completed Congress passed laws allowing whereby the American president to impose military rule on
Province until the establishment of a civilian government, and gave him permission to send missions to the mapping and exploration, which
Led to what became known later on a trip to the Lewis and Clark expedition.

The Americans began the westward expansion and explore new areas has contributed to the common belief among citizens
The Republic is destined to widen the west and that it is a national duty for them.

This put an end to his belief in the War of 1812, however, he returned and strengthened after the victory in the Mexican-American War in 1848.
During the process of expansion of that, the federal government's deportation and re-populate the majority of the population of American Indians.
During the expansion was a debate about whether it should be allowed Balragafi new provinces or not.








In the mid-nineteenth century, the nation was divided over states' rights and the role of the federal government
And the expansion of slavery, all of that later led to the American Civil War after the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860,
South Carolina announced its withdrawal from the Union and the independence to be the first withdrawing States.
Haktha Sabakast to other southern states and declared in 1861 formation of the Confederate States of America.

Upheld slavery in the southern states of North demanded its abolition and that was a natural economy of the south depend entirely on slavery

For being agriculturally in the first class. In 1865 the war ended in the victory of the North,
To be so formal abolition of slavery and is also eliminate any chance or the right of the States to withdraw from the Union.
Triumph has increased the power and control of the federal government.

Policy /

The organization of government in the United States works on four levels: the federal government (federal),
The state government, and the provincial government, and the city government, and accordingly, the political parties have their organizations in each of these levels.

It is noted that the laws governing partisan activity vary from state to state, and that the parties to comply
The laws of each state separately, may happen and there is a difference in laws between the city and the other in the same state and this
I mean it does not have a uniform pattern of partisan activity at the state level,

There is also the party organization at the level of the Council of Congress, the House and Senate and other elected councils,
Members of each party make up the block, Kcolna: Republicans in the Senate, or the Democrats in the House of Representatives,
At the level of the general population for every American citizen was seventeen right to enroll in the party of his choice,
Except for some convicted of crimes or suffer from mental deficiency.











Climate /

Mostly moderate, but tropical in Hawaii and Florida, and polar in Alaska, semiarid in the Great Plains
To the west of the Mississippi River, and dry in the Great Basin in the south-west.

This is the link to Bicycle heat ... Click on Alolayah that you want to show you temperatures in most cities have!

Weather News: Forecasts, Maps, Reports, & Radar - USATODAY.com









Population:

The population in 2007 is estimated P 302 401 000










Languages ​​/

United States has no official language at the federal level, however, English is actually serves as the national language.
In 2003, approximately 215 million people (82% of the population at the age of
Fifth and above) Atkelmonalangelazah only in their homes as that English is the most widely spoken language in daily transactions.
The English Marafhallgh one of the conditions that require immigrants wishing to obtain American citizenship.



Spanish is the second language widely spoken languages ​​in the United States. And spreads taught as a second language in the country at many schools.
The focus of the Spanish-speaking, in particular in the southern states, where there are a lot of Hispanics
As well as Illinois, New York and New Jersey, and in some of those States may find entire neighborhoods are used mainly by the Spanish language.
It is estimated that 30 million people (12% of the population) speak Spanish as their first language or the second,
It is what makes the United States a fifth of the world in terms of the number of speakers of the Spanish
(After Mexico and Spain, Colombia and Argentina, respectively).

Some Americans are demanding the adoption of English as the official language of the country, a law was approved by 25 states.
While three states granted the status of an administrative language of languages ​​other than English, where the Constitution was approved mandate of the Hawaiian language support
Hawaiian as an official language, also adopted the French language in Louisiana and the Spanish language in New Mexico
As languages ​​enhanced maintained by many legislative acts (and without reliance as official languages​​).

Third language in the country in terms of the spread is the Chinese language, and is commonly used among citizens out
Between Chinese and Chinese immigrants, and spokesmen concentrated in California, with an estimated 2 million native speakers
Person, and Mandarin is the most common form of the Chinese language in the United States.

Fourth prevalent language is French, and spread among the descent French or French-Canadian.

In fifth place solved the German language, especially as the population of German descent make up
The largest ethnic groups in the United States.

And other languages ​​common language is Italian, Greek and Polish language, but the number of speakers of such
Languages ​​continues to drop with the death of those languages​​-speaking immigrants and their children to adopt the English language only.
As there is in America a lot of speaking the languages ​​of the republics of the former Soviet Union and in Vietnamese
And the language of Tagalog (Filipino), Korean, Persian, Thai, Arabic, Portuguese and Japanese.









Debt /

United States has no official religion but the Christian religion is the religion of the majority, where it occupies a first-class
There is a representation of many other religions such as Islam, Judaism, Buddhism, Hinduism and Sikhism in the desorption
American society and Muslims constitute 46 million people out of American society.










Education /

Department of Education in the federal government, exercised some influence through their ability to control the funding.
Students begin to come to the school from kindergarten and ending in the twelfth grade,
Which is usually completed at the age of 18 years.

United Nations Education Index 99.9 commissioned into the United States ranked 20
And other nations to draw the highest degree. The United States is essentially the rate of literacy of 98% to 99%.


















Culture /

The United States is a multicultural nation and home to diverse variety of ethnic groups and cultures.
And culture in the majority of Americans have evolved from those colonial Dutch, English settlers.
And cultures, English, German, Irish and Italian, Greek and Hebrew cultures and Eastern Europe
Had a significant impact on modern American culture.

Descendants of West African slaves to maintain some cultural traditions of West Africa in the early United States.
Geographic place names largely reflect a combination of English, Dutch, French, German and Spanish
The American component of United States history. Brought to the United States from the American Dream,
The idea that anyone can acquire a better life through sheer perseverance.

This immigrant cultures blended together effect can be described as a melting pot of immigrants from
Other cultures directs rosette cultural aspects that fall in an atmosphere of American culture and adopt the features of culture
Prevailing. Alternatively, it can also be seen as a salad bowl in which immigrant cultures retain some properties
Unique cultural and mixing ..











Economics /

• The United States has the largest economy in the world and are based system based on market economy
Investment and the free trade competition.

• The United States has great wealth of resources, mining and energy sources such as petroleum, natural gas, coal,
And uranium. Despite this wealth, the United States is the most fuel importing countries.

• represent the United States the first peasant force at the global level in terms of both production or exports
Increase the enjoyment of American agriculture land is fertile and suitable climate, it is characterized by large manufactures.
Among the most important sectors of agriculture: cattle-breeding, cultivation of grains (corn, wheat, barley, Alzoga ...),
Industrial plants (cotton, peanuts, tobacco ...). The fishing and astrology of the most active sectors.

• United States of America are the most important industrial productions at the global level.
The success of American industry to its ability to innovate and lead her technological and product diversity and the presence of qualified labor.
The United States occupies rank high globally in several fields: petroleum,
Automotive, aviation industry, electricity, materials consumption ...

But American industry moving more and more towards specialization in the sectors of high-tech and precision
(Such as aviation, aerospace, electronics, arms, computer, biotechnology).


• the services sector today on the American economy. It is among the most important services we find: the media, management, tourism, entertainment, banks.

• USA more countries export and import, however, remains the highest debt commercial debt at a global level.















Transportation /

The United States has the longest road network in the world long sleeve 6407637 (3981521 miles) and the bulk of those roads by Temple
3732757 km, while the rest do not. The highways, high-quality backbone of the road network that.
There are also many in the country Mncpkat metro, and the total length of railway lines around 240,000 km,
It is the longest in the world.



In America travelers prefer air travel on the ground at long distances, where there was in
2004 America 17 out of more than 30 of the world's busiest airports, including the busiest airport globally

It is the airport Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport
Known for short Airport (ATL), this in terms of passengers. In terms of shipping the 12 out of more than 30
There is the busiest airport in America ....

Including more airports in the world's busiest shipping operations, and Homtar Memphis International.
Overall, there are about 5,000 in America airstrip, and more than 200
Airline to carry passengers or cargo.

In America there are a large number of ports, including the Port of Houston (pass through 173 million tons of Almahonat)
The Port of New York (132 million tons),
As well as other giant ports such as the Port of Los Angeles and Port of Long Beach and the Port of New Jersey.
There are also many in America Alonharwalguenoat exploited aquatic in shipping such as the Mississippi River and Canal St.
Lawrence and Aerih channel that connects the Great Lakes with the Atlantic Ocean.
The length of the waterways in the country about 41 thousand km.

States and cities /

The United States in 50 states ....
Contiguous 48 states and Alaska, Canada apart ....
And the state of the Hawaiian Islands in the south-west of the United States of America.





Map of the United States described the States in Arabic ..









Sort States by alphabet:

Arkansas, Iowa, Arizona, Alabama, Alaska, Illinois, Indiana, Oregon, Oklahoma, Ohio, Idaho, Pennsylvania, Texas, Tennessee, Georgia, South Dakota, North Dakota, Delaware, Rhode Island, Virginia, West Virginia, Florida, Vermont, South Carolina, North Carolina, California, Kansas, Connecticut, Kentucky, Colorado, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Michigan, Montana, Missouri, Maine, Minnesota, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New Hampshire, New York, Hawaii, Washington, Wyoming, Utah, and Wisconsin



The biggest cities:



1 New York City
New York State

2 Los Angeles
California

Chicago 3
Illinois

Houston 4
Texas

5. Philadelphia
Pennsylvania

Phoenix 6.
Arizona

7 San Antonio
Texas

San Diego 8.
California

Dallas 9.
Texas

San Jose 10.
California

Detroit 11.
Michigan

Indianapolis 12.
Indiana

13 Jacksonville
Florida

14 San Francisco
California

15 Columbus
Ohio

16 Austin
Texas

Memphis 17
Tennessee

18 Baltimore
Maryland

19 Fort Worth
Texas

Charlotte 20
North Carolina

El Paso 21.
Texas

Milwaukee 22.
Wisconsin

23 Seattle
Washington

24 Boston
Massachusetts

Denver 25.
Colorado

26 Louisville
Kentucky

27 Washington, DC
Washington, DC

28 Nashville
Tennessee

29 Las Vegas
Nevada

Portland 30.
Oregon

31 Oklahoma City
Oklahoma

32 Tucson, AZ
Arizona

33 Albikirki
New Mexico

34 Long Beach
California

Atlanta 35.
Georgia State

36 Fresno
California

Sacramento 37
California

New Orleans 38
Louisiana

Cleveland 39.
Ohio

Kansas City 40.
Missouri


Posted By Unknown08:33
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Posted By Unknown07:06
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Posted By Unknown07:04

europe guide : presentation of the continent

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europe guide


EUROPE HISTORY:


As for Europe, a brief chronological account of its significant events begins during prehistoric times with the emergence of Homo sapiens (early man), roughly 40,000 years ago. 

Early inhabitants during the Paleolithic Age, in an effort to survive, grouped together into small societies such as bands, and subsisted by gathering plants and hunting for wild animals. early man

The practice of cultivating the soil, producing crops and raising livestock began in the Neolithic Age some 9,000 years ago; stone tools were used and people began to live in small groups, or villages. 

As man continued to journey east-to-west across Eurasia(a combination of Asia and Europe), knowledge of tools and new methods of organization arrived; civilizations flourished as metal axes and arrowheads improved survival. 

In the 8th century BC, Greece began to emerge from the Dark Ages. Classical Greek culture had a powerful influence on the Roman Empire, which carried a version of it to many parts of the Mediterranean region and Northern Europe. In short, the Greek culture provided the foundation of modern Western culture. 

Of the great civilizations to develop in Europe, the previously mentioned Roman Empire certainly had the most lasting influence. During its often tumultuous 500-year period of innovation, it changed the continent and had a profound and lasting influence on the development of modern architecture, language, law and religion. 

After its collapse, the Eastern Roman Empire survived (285-1450) as the Byzantine Empire. In Western Europe, a wide series of tribes and tribal alliances moved into positions of power in the remnants of the former Roman Empire; small kingdoms were established, and the geography of Western Europe was about to change. 

The Kingdom of the Franks was a southeastern European territory inhabited and ruled by the Franks. They would evolve into the Kingdom of France, and parts of it would morph into the Holy Roman Empire, a forerunner to the Germany we know today. 


Anglo-Saxons soon crossed (what is now) the English Channel to southern Britain and established a series of kingdoms in what would eventually develop into the Kingdom ofEngland by AD 927; 100 years later the Kingdoms of Poland and Hungary would also take shape. 

The Viking Age in Northern Europe and Scandinavia spanned the late 8th to mid-13th centuries. With little interest in land acquisition, the Scandinavian (Norse) Vikings aggressively explored Europe for trade and riches. The Vikings also reached Iceland,Greenland, Newfoundland and Anatolia (Turkey). 

The Normans (a Viking people) gave their name to Normandy, a region in northern France. Initially emerging in the first half of the 10th century, they had a significant impact on many parts of Europe, from the Norman conquest of England to southern Italy and Sicily. europe clip art

By the end of the 15th century, great powers emerged in Europe, with England, France, The Netherlands, Portugal and Spain playing predominant roles in global affairs from the 15th century onward, especially after the beginning of colonialism. 

The European colonial period, the 1500s to the mid-1900s, was the era when the European powers mentioned above established colonies in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Between the 16th and 20th centuries, European nations, at various times, controlled the Americas (north and south), most ofAfrica, Oceania and large portions of Asia. 

As people craved freedom across the globe, the European colonial era began to fall apart. Specifically the British Empire, the first genuinely global empire, began to lose its powers in Africa, India and much of the Middle East, and they soon crumbled away. 

Also damaging to the continent were World Wars I and II, as they were largely focused upon Europe. The enormous costs of both wars greatly contributed to a decline in Western European dominance in world affairs, and some Eastern European countries have not yet fully recovered. 

After the Berlin Wall came down on November 9, 1989, and after the fall of the Soviet Unionin 1991, Europe certainly changed for the better. European cultures and factions soon integrated, the Council of Europe was formed and the European Union (EU) blossomed in Western Europe. 

Today, it's safe to say that Europe is a major economical and political center of power. As for its people, they are an innovative, optimistic and resilient group who changed our world for the better more than once, and surely they will do it again. In fact, you can take that to the bank! 


EUROPE OUTLINE MAP

Europe outline map


EUROPE POLITICAL MAP

Europe political map
Political maps are designed to show governmental boundaries of countries, states, and counties, the location of major cities, and they usually include significant bodies of water. Like the sample above, bright colors are often used to help the user find the borders. 


EUROPE MAP:

Europe is the planet's 6th largest continent AND includes 47 countries and assorted dependencies, islands and territories. Europe's recognized surface area covers about 9,938,000 sq km (3,837,083 sq mi) or 2% of the Earth's surface, and about 6.8% of its land area. 

In exacting geographic definitions, Europe is really not a continent, but part of the peninsula of Eurasia which includes all of Europe and Asia. However, it's still widely referred to as an individual continent.

The European continent, bordered by numerous bodies of water, is separated from Asia by Russia's Ural Mountains and by the Caspian and Black Seas. It is separated from Africa by the Mediterranean Sea.


EUROPE GEOGRAPHY FACTS:

For additional geography details please use the yellow navigation bar at the top of this page. Note that some stats shown below are found in European Russia, even though that landmass is geographically considered a part of Russia, an Asian country.
  • Ukraine is Europe's largest country
  • The Vatican is Europe's smallest country
  • Germany is Europe's largest country by population
  • The Vatican is Europe's smallest country by population
  • Europe's highest point is Mt. Elbrus in Russia
  • Europe's lowest point is the Caspian Sea bordering Russia

  • (If European Russian is excluded, the highest and lowest stats shown below apply to continental western Europe)
  • Europe's highest point is Mt. Blanc in France and Italy
  • Europe's lowest point is Lemmefjord in Denmark

EUROPE GEOGRAPHY NOTES:

european russia
The Russian landmass west of the Ural Mountains is commonly referred to asEuropean Russia in most educational atlases, and by the vast majority of geography experts. It is not a separate country, but rather called that because of its longterm political, cultural and geographical blending with the bordering European countries. For reference purposes it is shown above, however, the entire country (as a whole) is still considered part of the continent of Asia. 

European Russia comprising roughly 3,960,000 sq. km (1,528,560 sq. miles) and spans across approximately 40% of Europe. Its Eastern border is defined by the Ural Mountains and in the South it is defined by the border with Kazakhstan. Note that nearly 77% of the entire Russian population (about 110,000,000 people out of an approximate total Russian population of 141,000,000) lives in European Russia. 

EUROPEAN TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP

europe topographical map
A topographic map highlights hills, mountains and valleys of a specific land area by exaggerated shading rather than by using contour lines. On this image, although small in size, you can easily see the mountainous areas of Norway and Spain. For a better view of the mountains and topography of central Europe, see the map below.



EUROPE TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP (central Europe)

europe relief map
On this larger slice of a European topographical map you can clearly see the major rivers of central Europe, as well as the Alps that slice through Austria and Switzerland. Note the Apennines Range that extends through Italy. Specific details on a wide variety of European landforms can be found on thispage.

EUROPE RIVERS MAP

major rivers of Europe
Hundreds of rivers and their tributaries cross the European continent. Here we highlight those over 600 miles in length, and a few others of note. Specific details on these rivers can be found here.

Posted By Unknown06:27